2017 JAMB GOVERNMENT PAST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

The Right to Life is fundamental as it underpins all other rights, ensuring the protection of an individual’s existence. For example, laws against murder and policies that safeguard life resources exemplify this right. Other options like religious and academic rights are important but derive their legitimacy from the basic right to life.

The best citizen is in control of government is a merit of aristocracy, where governance is entrusted to individuals deemed most qualified by birth or merit. This ensures competent leadership. Other options either do not align with aristocratic principles or represent different governance systems, such as democracy where the majority controls.

Propaganda is a strategy used in foreign policy to influence public perception and international opinion. For instance, promoting national values abroad can strengthen diplomatic relations. Other options like cultural integration and democratic elections are broader strategies and not specific implementation tools.

Babangida Regime introduced the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) aimed at economic stabilization and structural reforms. SAP typically includes measures like reducing government spending and liberalizing the economy. Other regimes listed did not implement SAP in the same context or timeframe.

Councils structure ECOWAS to ensure coordinated decision-making and policy implementation across member states. Councils facilitate collaboration on economic and political matters. Other structures like panels or committees may exist but are subordinate to the main council framework.

Local Governments often face a shortage of trained personnel due to limited resources and funding compared to federal or state levels. This affects service delivery at the grassroots level. Other government tiers may have more access to training programs and better infrastructure.

Sovereignty refers to the supreme authority of a state to govern itself without external interference. It encompasses control over territory and the ability to make laws. Other options like authority or power are aspects of sovereignty but do not fully capture the concept.

Manifesto is crucial as it outlines the party’s policies and promises to the electorate, influencing voter support. A strong manifesto can attract voters by addressing their needs and aspirations. Other factors like ideology are important but the manifesto concretizes the party’s plans.

Collegiate executive systems involve multiple leaders sharing executive powers, often rotating to ensure balanced governance. This prevents concentration of power and encourages collaborative decision-making. Other systems like single or dual executive concentrate authority differently.

Rigid and written constitutions are difficult to amend as they require a stringent process, often involving supermajorities or referendums. This ensures stability and consistency in governance. Flexible constitutions can be amended more easily, which is not the case here.

International peace and security is a primary achievement of the United Nations, aiming to prevent conflicts and foster cooperation among nations. While the UN also promotes economic and educational development, peace and security remain its cornerstone objectives.

Clifford Constitution introduced the elective principle in Nigeria, allowing for the election of governors and officials, enhancing democratic governance. Earlier constitutions were more colonial and less democratic.

Regional and ethnic undertone characterized the major political parties of Nigeria’s First Republic, reflecting the country’s diverse demographics. This influenced party policies and voter bases. National outlooks were less pronounced compared to regional affiliations.

Professionability is essential for the civil service, ensuring that personnel are qualified and competent to perform their duties effectively. This fosters an efficient and reliable public administration. Other factors like impartiality and neutrality are important but stem from professional standards.

Presidentialism features a chief executive (President) who serves as both head of state and government, centralizing executive power. This contrasts with parliamentary systems where the executive is separate from the legislative branch.

Government subvention is the primary funding source for public corporations, ensuring they have the necessary resources to operate and provide public services. Other funding methods like foreign aid or shareholder funds are less common for these entities.

Nigerian Railway Corporation is the oldest public corporation in Nigeria, established during the colonial era to facilitate transportation and trade. Its longevity underscores its foundational role in Nigeria’s infrastructure development.

21 states were established in Nigeria in 1987, enhancing federal structure and governance by allowing more localized administration. This expansion aimed to better represent Nigeria’s diverse population.

Entertaining complaints on abuse of public office is the primary role of the Ombudsman, providing a mechanism for accountability and addressing grievances against public officials. This helps maintain integrity in public administration.

Addressing grievances of individuals and groups is a central objective, ensuring that citizens have a platform to voice concerns and seek redress against public institutions. This fosters trust and accountability in governance.

The economy can hamper pressure groups by limiting their resources and effectiveness in lobbying and advocacy. Economic constraints restrict their ability to mobilize and sustain campaigns.

Consent of the people is a cornerstone of democracy, ensuring that governance is based on the will and approval of the majority. This legitimizes political authority and promotes accountability.

Nationalism embodies the desire for self-governance and independence from foreign domination. It unites citizens towards common political and cultural goals. Other options like imperialism or neo-colonialism relate to external control rather than internal aspirations.

Are-Ona-Kakanfo was responsible for territorial defense in the Yoruba pre-colonial system, acting as a military leader safeguarding the kingdom. This role was crucial for maintaining security and sovereignty.

Supreme Military Council was the highest authority under Yakubu Gowon’s military regime, overseeing governance and military operations. It centralized power, making key decisions for the nation.

Capacity to enforce decisions weakens the Commonwealth’s effectiveness, as member states are not obligated to comply with its resolutions. This limits its ability to implement policies uniformly.

Referendum is a direct method to gauge public opinion on specific issues, allowing citizens to vote on particular policies or decisions. It provides clear insights into the electorate’s stance.

Qualified citizens to vote ensures that every eligible adult citizen has the right to participate in elections, promoting inclusive and representative democracy. It removes restrictions based on gender or other criteria.

Western section was under the control of the Emir of Gwandu in the pre-colonial Emirate system, managing administrative and political affairs in that region. This division facilitated localized governance.

Concurrent list allows both federal and state governments to exercise authority over certain areas, promoting shared governance and flexibility in administration. This arrangement supports cooperative federalism.

Society is defined as a group of individuals who interact and form relationships, creating a structured community. It encompasses various social, economic, and cultural interactions.

Olusegun Obasanjo was instrumental in initiating and facilitating the creation of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), aiming to promote economic growth and development across Africa.

1983 Constitution marked Nigeria’s transition to a republic, establishing a presidential system of governance and replacing the previous constitutional framework.

Discipline of erring civil servants is a key function, ensuring that public servants adhere to rules and maintain professionalism. This promotes accountability and efficiency within the civil service.

Confederal system concentrates power within individual units or states, allowing for autonomy and localized decision-making. This structure prevents central overreach and promotes self-governance.

Supreme in fascism, the leader holds absolute authority and is often portrayed as embodying the state’s ideology and strength. This centralization of power is a hallmark of fascist regimes.

Transfer of responsibilities to agencies allows specialized bodies to create regulations within their expertise, facilitating efficient governance. This delegation ensures that laws are implemented effectively.

Nigeria played a pivotal role in forming the Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group (ECOMOG), leading peacekeeping missions in the region. Its military and economic strength were crucial for ECOMOG’s operations.

Checks and Balances ensure that no single branch of government becomes too powerful, maintaining a balance through mutual oversight. This doctrine is fundamental to democratic governance.

Foreign policy outlines Nigeria’s strategies and interactions with other nations, shaping its role in the global arena. It includes diplomatic, economic, and security relations.

Are-Ona-Kakanfo was responsible for territorial defense in the Yoruba pre-colonial system, serving as the military leader who protected the kingdom from external threats.

Supreme Military Council was the highest authority during Yakubu Gowon’s military regime, overseeing all governmental functions and military operations. It centralized decision-making power.

Capacity to enforce decisions limits the effectiveness of the Commonwealth, as member states are not obligated to comply with its resolutions, weakening its authority and impact.

Referendum allows citizens to directly vote on specific issues, providing clear insights into public opinion and legitimizing governmental decisions based on the majority’s will.

Qualified citizens to vote ensures inclusive participation in elections, allowing every eligible adult to have a say in governance, which strengthens democracy.

Western section was under the jurisdiction of the Emir of Gwandu in the pre-colonial Emirate system, managing administrative and political affairs in that region.

Concurrent list allows both federal and state governments to exercise authority over certain areas, promoting shared governance and flexibility in administration.

Society is defined as a group of individuals who interact and form relationships, creating a structured community with shared norms and values.

Olusegun Obasanjo was instrumental in initiating and facilitating the creation of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), aiming to promote economic growth and development across Africa.

1983 Constitution marked Nigeria’s transition to a republic, establishing a presidential system of governance and replacing the previous constitutional framework.

Discipline of erring civil servants is a key function, ensuring that public servants adhere to rules and maintain professionalism. This promotes accountability and efficiency within the civil service.

Confederal system concentrates power within individual units or states, allowing for autonomy and localized decision-making. This structure prevents central overreach and promotes self-governance.

Supreme in fascism, the leader holds absolute authority and is often portrayed as embodying the state’s ideology and strength. This centralization of power is a hallmark of fascist regimes.

Transfer of responsibilities to agencies allows specialized bodies to create regulations within their expertise, facilitating efficient governance. This delegation ensures that laws are implemented effectively.

Nigeria played a pivotal role in forming the Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group (ECOMOG), leading peacekeeping missions in the region. Its military and economic strength were crucial for ECOMOG’s operations.

Checks and Balances ensure that no single branch of government becomes too powerful, maintaining a balance through mutual oversight. This doctrine is fundamental to democratic governance.

Foreign policy outlines Nigeria’s strategies and interactions with other nations, shaping its role in the global arena. It includes diplomatic, economic, and security relations.